Memorial of Saint Paul Miki and Companions, Martyrs
Homily delivered by Fr. John Chong, SJ
Today we commemorate the Twenty-Six Martyrs of Japan. When persecution began in January 1597, twenty-four people six foreigners, fifteen Japanese Franciscans, and three Jesuits-were forced to march from Kyoto through various regions all the way to Nagasaki (850 km). The intention was to warn the people that this would be the fate of anyone who believed in Catholicism. Along the way, there were two companions. When officials asked them whether they were Catholics and they answered that they were, they too were added to the procession, bringing the total to twenty-six.
On February 5, 1597, they were crucified on a hill overlooking the city of Nagasaki, where Catholicism had been most flourishing. In Japan, February 5 is observed as the feast of the martyrs. However, in the General Roman Calendar, since it coincides with the memorial of Saint Agatha, their feast is celebrated on February 6.
As we offer this Mass, let us honor the faith of the martyrs who gave their lives for their belief. With gratitude for our own faith, let us renew our commitment to live it more faithfully.
In Shusaku Endo’s novel “Silence”, various methods of torture are described. Victims were branded with hot irons, their limbs were cut off with saws, and boiling water from sulfur springs was poured over their bodies. Some were put to death by crucifixion, as the Twenty-Six Martyrs were, while others were tied to crosses set up along the seashore, where they drowned when the tide came in.
One particularly brutal method of torture, known as ana-tsurushi, involved binding the entire body with ropes and suspending the person upside down in a pit. A small hole was made in the forehead or temple so that blood would drip out slowly, causing death over time. During this period of persecution, many believers fled to the Philippines or Macao, while others went into hiding in various parts of Japan, concealing their faith as they struggled to survive.
The Christians who lived in hiding were called Hidden Christians, or Kakure Kirishitan. For nearly two hundred years, they preserved the faith handed down from their parents, holding on to it in hope and waiting for the day when freedom would be restored.
About three hours by ferry from Nagasaki lie the Goto Islands. They are breathtakingly beautiful. To think that such a tragic history unfolded in a place of such beauty reminds us of the deep irony of human life. On the Goto Islands, there are fifty mission stations. From just one of these parishes, it is said that two bishops and an entire busload of priests and sisters have emerged.
At last, in 1865, the Japanese government permitted religious freedom in order to engage in trade with Western nations. When Missionaries with white beards appeared in Nagasaki, the people recognized them. Just as they had been told by their ancestors, they asked three questions: Do you honor the Blessed Virgin Mary? Do you marry? Do you follow the liturgical calendar?
When the answer to all three questions was “Yes,” they declared, “Our hears are the same as yours, Father.” They then asked where the statue of the Blessed Virgin was. When they were led to her statue, they knelt down and prayed, it was the moment when the chains of two hundred years were finally broken.
Now it is our turn. We are living in a world very different from theirs. What, then, can we learn from the martyrs? I have reflected on three points.
First, the martyrs make it unmistakably clear that our faith is not a hobby or a mere decoration of life. They testify that faith can be a value so serious that it is worth one’s very life. Do you agree with this? Giving a testimony for justice and right, it means death as shown in today’s Gospel. Let us ask ourselves honestly.
Second, the martyrs died not only to defend their faith, but also to uphold human dignity and the value of conscience. Human conscience is an inviolable domain. By laying down their lives, the martyrs bore witness to the truth that every human person possesses the freedom of conscience. Again, we find a good example in St. John, the Baptist.
Third, The martyrs bore witness to their love for God and neighbor even in the face of persecution. They were in a situation where there was no other choice. Their fundamental motivation was not a hatred of the world or of life, but a profound love for God, for others, for life itself, for conscience, and for human dignity. Likewise, if we love God, our neighbors, and life, and respect conscience and human dignity in our daily lives, we live in unity with the martyrs. Let us, today. give thanks to the martyrs and strive to put love into practice in our own lives.